Science & Technology
Engines & Margins covers the physical systems powering AI and modern technology — chips, power, cooling, networks, and the businesses that build and finance them.
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Nvidia says one gigawatt of AI data center now costs about $60 billion. Here is the bill line by line: chips, networking, power gear, cooling, the building, and the running costs after it opens.
Amazon, Alphabet and Meta have all gone cash-flow negative on AI spending. Here is who fills the gap: bond investors, private lenders, shareholders, chip suppliers and, in the end, customers.
On November 3, 2026, local voters restricted AI data centers in 33 of the 34 measures counted by the next morning. What was on the ballot, from 25 MW caps to bans, why residents said no, and what it means for the AI buildout.
Interactive tools
Estimate the electricity load and cost of an AI GPU cluster from GPU count, power draw, PUE, and utilization.
Explore illustrative data-center revenue from sellable capacity, utilization, price per kilowatt, and interconnection revenue.
Explore rack power density, estimated IT heat output, facility electricity use, and electricity cost in an illustrative scenario.